Heatstroke in Animals: Prevention and First Aid

Dogs and cats cool themselves mainly by panting, which works poorly in extreme heat. Heatstroke is a true emergency and can damage organs quickly.

Who is most at risk

• Flat-faced breeds such as Pugs, Bulldogs, Persians and Shih Tzus.
• Overweight, very young or elderly animals.
• Animals with heart or breathing problems.
• Thick-coated breeds and very active working dogs.
• Any animal left in a car. Even with windows open, a parked car can become deadly in minutes.

Warning signs

• Heavy panting, thick drooling, bright red or pale gums.
• Weakness, stumbling or collapse.
• Vomiting or diarrhoea.
• Confusion or seizures.

First aid on the way to the vet

1. Move your animal to shade or air conditioning immediately.
2. Cool with cool - not ice-cold - water, especially over the neck, armpits and belly. Ice-cold water can make blood vessels constrict and slow cooling.
3. Use a fan or air flow to help evaporation.
4. Offer small amounts of water if your animal is alert, but don't force it.
5. Go to a vet straight away, even if your animal seems to recover. Internal damage may not be visible at first.

Prevention

• Walk dogs early in the morning or late in the evening.
• Always provide shade and fresh water.
• Keep indoor animals in cooled rooms during the hottest hours.
• Never leave an animal in a vehicle - not even "for a minute".