Fleas, Ticks and Worms: A Practical Prevention Guide
Parasites are easier to prevent than to clear. Learn the signs, the risks to your family and how regular prevention works.
External and internal parasites are among the most common problems vets see. Most are easy to prevent with a regular routine.
External parasites
Fleas cause itching, hair loss and skin infections, and can transmit tapeworms. Look for scratching, small dark specks in the coat ("flea dirt") and red bumps around the tail base.
Ticks attach to the skin and feed on blood. They can transmit serious infections. Check ears, between toes, the armpits and around the neck after outdoor time.
Internal parasites
- Roundworms and hookworms - common in puppies and kittens, often passed from the mother.
- Tapeworms - often linked to fleas; you may see rice-like segments near the tail.
- Heartworm - spread by mosquitoes; ask your vet whether prevention is recommended where you live.
Some worms can infect people, especially children, which is one more reason to keep prevention regular.
How prevention works
- Use products made for your animal's species and weight. Never use a dog product on a cat - some dog flea treatments are highly toxic to cats.
- Keep to the interval on the product; protection stops when it wears off.
- Treat every animal in the household at the same time.
- Wash bedding and vacuum regularly during a flea problem.
When to see a vet
Heavy itching, pale gums, a swollen belly, weight loss, diarrhoea, or a tick you cannot remove cleanly all deserve a check. Your vet can recommend a prevention plan that fits your animal's age, health and lifestyle.