Cat Scratching and Litter Box Problems: Causes and Fixes
Scratching is natural and litter problems usually have a reason. Understanding why is the key to solving both.
Two of the most common reasons owners contact a vet about behaviour are scratching furniture and toileting outside the litter tray. Both usually have an understandable cause.
Why cats scratch
Scratching keeps claws healthy, stretches muscles and leaves scent marks. You can't stop it, but you can redirect it:
- Provide sturdy, tall scratching posts that don't wobble, plus horizontal scratchers.
- Place them near sleeping spots and next to the furniture being scratched.
- Reward your cat with praise or treats when they use the post.
- Make the furniture less appealing for a while with a throw or double-sided tape.
- Trim claws regularly. Declawing is not a humane solution.
Litter box problems
Rule out illness first. Urinary infections, bladder stones, kidney disease, arthritis and diabetes can all cause toileting outside the tray. A male cat straining with little or no urine is an emergency.
Then look at the setup:
- Number of trays - a common guide is one per cat, plus one.
- Location - quiet, easy to reach, away from food and noisy appliances.
- Cleanliness - scoop at least daily and wash the tray regularly.
- Litter type - many cats prefer unscented, fine-grained litter. Change it gradually.
- Tray style - some cats dislike covered trays or high sides, especially older cats with stiff joints.
Stress matters
New pets, moving house, visitors or tension between cats can all trigger these problems. Extra hiding places, high perches and a stable routine help.
Never punish a cat for toileting accidents - it increases stress and usually makes the problem worse.